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Fact #1. Metronomes produce audible and metrical beats per minute. The purpose is to keep a musician in proper time. They're most useful as a training tool for musicians learning how to keep the right tempo. It may require an increase or decrease in tempo, depending on the musical passage. They also encourage development of an internal sense of tempo. This allows a musician to recognize the appropriate moments to play fast or slow.
Fact #2. The first mechanical metronome was invented in 1696 by a musical theorist. Unfortunately, it didn't produce sound. It was also incapable of counting the pendulum's oscillations, and keeping it in motion. A more practical version was finally introduced in the 1800s. Beethoven was perhaps the first notable composer to indicate metronome markings in his music.
Fact #3. The modern style of metronome became common around the time that the alternating current was developed. This resulted in the introduction of the Franz electric metronome in 1938. It featured a synchronous motor, similar to the type used in electric clocks. The motor was used to control a tempo-beating hammer. This version was produced until 1994.
Fact #4. There are three major types of metronomes. They are mechanical, electronic, and software. Mechanical versions leverage an adjustable weight at the end of an inverted pendulum rod. The rod swings back and forth to keep speed and pace consistent. An electric metronome is battery-operated, with a digital display. They use quartz crystal to maintain accuracy. Many of these have built-in dials or buttons that control the tempo. Software metronomes are usually elements of larger sequencing systems. Their uses include film scoring and digital production.
Fact #5. Choosing between electronic or mechanical is ultimately a matter of preference. If you prefer simplicity, a mechanical device may be the best option. However, be sure to use it in moderation. The whole point is to get to a place where you no longer need it. You don't want to end up relying on it entirely. It's important to remember that a truly expressive performance usually doesn't align with every click of a metronome.