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Fact #1. The first successful arc weld was performed in 1881. This is when a Russian inventor displayed an arc welding of metals at the International Exposition of Electricity in Paris. Working with a Polish inventor, he patented the carbon arc welding method. Numerous advancements in arc welding were made in the 19th century. Innovations of the time included a three-phase electric arc, and an alternating current power source.
Fact #2. The 1920s to the 1960s saw rapid development in arc welding methods. Automatic welding began in the mid 1920s. Scientists began looking for ways to shield molten metal in welds from nitrides and oxides in the atmosphere. These can cause structural defects, like brittleness and porosity. This resulted in the development of gas shielded arc welding.
Fact #3. There are six different methods for arc welding. Shielded metal arc welding is the oldest and most basic form. It's also the most versatile. Gas metal arc welding uses gasses like helium or argon. It uses low temperatures. Gas tungsten arc welding can create cleaner welds that need less finishing work. Flux-colored arc welding is ideal for working with thick metals. Plasma arc welding utilizes concentrated hot jets of plasma. Finally, there's submerged arc welding. It forms a protecting layer that prevents spatter and sparks.
Fact #4. Always use an arc welder in a well ventilated area. It should be an open space, as well. If you must do it in a confined area, wear a fume mask and an air-fed helmet. Welding creates dangerous levels of ultraviolet light and infrared rays. Be sure to wear welding gloves and clothes that provide a large amount of skin coverage. This is in addition to a welding helmet.
Fact #5. Arc welders produce a large amount of sparks. Because of this, the immediate area should be cleared of any flammable liquids or materials. A fire extinguisher should be kept readily accessible at all times. Don't look too closely at the weld until it has fully cooled. During this time, welds contract and can throw off pieces of slag. This can burn the eye.